Hydrothermalism in the Mediterranean Sea
Identifieur interne : 000249 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000248; suivant : 000250Hydrothermalism in the Mediterranean Sea
Auteurs : P. R. Dando [Royaume-Uni] ; D. Stüben [Allemagne] ; S. P. Varnavas [Grèce]Source :
- Progress in Oceanography [ 0079-6611 ] ; 1999.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : Océanographie, Volcanologie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Abbiati, Acid leaching, Active volcanoes, Aegean seas, Aegean world, Aeolian, Aeolian islands, African plate, Airoldi, Akoumianaki, Akoumianaki pratt, Aliani, Allard, Allard toutain, Alvisi, Anaerobic heterotroph, Bacini limitro, Barbieri colantoni, Baubron, Bianchi, Bostrom, Bostrom widenfalk, Botz, Brine, Burggraf, Calanchi, Caldera, Capo palinuro, Carbon dioxide, Chemical geology, Christanis, Cinelli, Cocci, Colantoni, Consorzio nazionale interuniversitario, Continental shelf research, Cosmochimica acta, Cronan, Crust, Dando, Data report, Della vedova, Dirmeier, Dominico, Dominico papastamatoki, Dotsika fytikas, Eastern mediterranean, Eckhardt, Enrichment, Etna, Explosive volcanism, Fauna, Fitzsimons, Fumaroles, Fytikas, Gasohydrothermal type, Geochemical, Geological society, Geophysical, Geothermal, Geothermal research, Geothermics, Giere, Gimenez marin, Glasby, Grotta azzurra, Heterotroph, High heat, Higher temperatures, Huber, Hughes giere, Hydrogen sulphide, Hydrothermal, Hydrothermal activity, Hydrothermal origin, Hydrothermal sites, Hydrothermal waters, Hydrothermalism, Hyperthermophilic, Isole eolie, Isotope, Italiano, Italiano nuccio, Jannasch, Kameni, Keller, Leaching, Lesbos, Levante, Magmatic, Magmatic vapour, Marine biology, Marine chemistry, Marine geology, Marini, Mediterranean, Mediterranean hydrothermal systems, Mediterranean ridge, Mediterranee, Megalovasilis, Metal deposits, Methana, Microbiology, Milo, Milos hydrothermal system, Milos island, Minissale, Morri, Nisiros, Normal seawater, Northern lesbos, Novel genus, Nuccio, Oceanography, Palaeochori, Palinuro, Panarea, Panarea island, Papastamatoki, Periodicity, Perissoratis, Pinarelli vurro, Planetary science letters, Ponti ceccherelli, Proces verbaux commission internationale, Puchelt, Reservoir temperature, Reservoir temperatures, Santorini, Santorini caldera, Santorini hydrothermal waters, Schroll hanert, Seamount, Seawater, Sediment, Sedwick, Sedwick colantoni, Sedwick stuben, Seymour, Shallow vents, Smith cronan, Southern italy, Stetter, Stuben, Stuben glasby, Subduction, Submarine cave, Submarine caves, Submarine hydrothermal vents, Submarine vents, Sulphide, Tassi valentini, Thera, Thera foundation, Thermal springs, Thermococcus, Thermophilic, Thiermann, Thomm, Tyrrhenian, Uids, Uxes, Varnavas, Varnavas cronan, Varnavas perissoratis, Vent, Vent areas, Vent sites, Venting, Volcanic, Volcanic arcs, Volcano, Volcanology, Vulcano, Vulcano island, Water column, Widenfalk.
- Teeft :
- Abbiati, Acid leaching, Active volcanoes, Aegean seas, Aegean world, Aeolian, Aeolian islands, African plate, Airoldi, Akoumianaki, Akoumianaki pratt, Aliani, Allard, Allard toutain, Alvisi, Anaerobic heterotroph, Bacini limitro, Barbieri colantoni, Baubron, Bianchi, Bostrom, Bostrom widenfalk, Botz, Brine, Burggraf, Calanchi, Caldera, Capo palinuro, Carbon dioxide, Chemical geology, Christanis, Cinelli, Cocci, Colantoni, Consorzio nazionale interuniversitario, Continental shelf research, Cosmochimica acta, Cronan, Crust, Dando, Data report, Della vedova, Dirmeier, Dominico, Dominico papastamatoki, Dotsika fytikas, Eastern mediterranean, Eckhardt, Enrichment, Etna, Explosive volcanism, Fauna, Fitzsimons, Fumaroles, Fytikas, Gasohydrothermal type, Geochemical, Geological society, Geophysical, Geothermal, Geothermal research, Geothermics, Giere, Gimenez marin, Glasby, Grotta azzurra, Heterotroph, High heat, Higher temperatures, Huber, Hughes giere, Hydrogen sulphide, Hydrothermal, Hydrothermal activity, Hydrothermal origin, Hydrothermal sites, Hydrothermal waters, Hydrothermalism, Hyperthermophilic, Isole eolie, Isotope, Italiano, Italiano nuccio, Jannasch, Kameni, Keller, Leaching, Lesbos, Levante, Magmatic, Magmatic vapour, Marine biology, Marine chemistry, Marine geology, Marini, Mediterranean, Mediterranean hydrothermal systems, Mediterranean ridge, Mediterranee, Megalovasilis, Metal deposits, Methana, Microbiology, Milo, Milos hydrothermal system, Milos island, Minissale, Morri, Nisiros, Normal seawater, Northern lesbos, Novel genus, Nuccio, Oceanography, Palaeochori, Palinuro, Panarea, Panarea island, Papastamatoki, Periodicity, Perissoratis, Pinarelli vurro, Planetary science letters, Ponti ceccherelli, Proces verbaux commission internationale, Puchelt, Reservoir temperature, Reservoir temperatures, Santorini, Santorini caldera, Santorini hydrothermal waters, Schroll hanert, Seamount, Seawater, Sediment, Sedwick, Sedwick colantoni, Sedwick stuben, Seymour, Shallow vents, Smith cronan, Southern italy, Stetter, Stuben, Stuben glasby, Subduction, Submarine cave, Submarine caves, Submarine hydrothermal vents, Submarine vents, Sulphide, Tassi valentini, Thera, Thera foundation, Thermal springs, Thermococcus, Thermophilic, Thiermann, Thomm, Tyrrhenian, Uids, Uxes, Varnavas, Varnavas cronan, Varnavas perissoratis, Vent, Vent areas, Vent sites, Venting, Volcanic, Volcanic arcs, Volcano, Volcanology, Vulcano, Vulcano island, Water column, Widenfalk.
Abstract
Abstract: Hydrothermalism in the Mediterranean Sea results from the collision of the African and European plates, with the subduction of the oceanic part of the African plate below Europe. High heat flows in the resulting volcanic arcs and back-arc extensional areas have set-up hydrothermal convection systems. Most of the known hydrothermal sites are in shallow coastal waters, <200 m depth, so that much of the reported fluid venting is of the gasohydrothermal type. The hydrothermal liquids are of varying salinities, both because of phase separation as a result of seawater boiling at the low pressures and because of significant inputs of rainfall into the hydrothermal reservoirs at some sites. The major component of the vented gas is carbon dioxide, with significant quantities of sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, methane and hydrogen also being released. Acid leaching of the underlying rocks leads to the mobilisation of heavy metals, many of which are deposited sub-surface although there is a conspicuous enrichment of metals in surficial sediments in venting areas. Massive polymetalic sulphides have been reported from some sites. No extant vent-specific fauna have been described from Mediterranean sites. There is a reduced diversity of fauna within the sediments at the vents. In contrast, a high diversity of epifauna has been reported and the vent sites are areas of settlement for exotic thermophilic species. Large numbers of novel prokaryotes, especially hyperthermophilic crenarchaeota, have been isolated from Mediterranean hydrothermal vents. However, their distribution in the subsurface biosphere and their role in the biogeochemistry of the sites has yet to be studied.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0079-6611(99)00032-4
Affiliations:
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Varnavas</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:458CBA31E716F820E9B04AD0E14FB3AD6BD055B5</idno><date when="1999" year="1999">1999</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0079-6611(99)00032-4</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/458CBA31E716F820E9B04AD0E14FB3AD6BD055B5/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000009</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000009</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">000009</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Checkpoint">000187</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000187</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0079-6611:1999:Dando P:hydrothermalism:in:the</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000255</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000249</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000249</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Hydrothermalism in the Mediterranean Sea</title><author><name sortKey="Dando, P R" sort="Dando, P R" uniqKey="Dando P" first="P. R." last="Dando">P. R. Dando</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country wicri:rule="url">Royaume-Uni</country></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales Bangor, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, LL59 5EY</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>LL59 5EY</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stuben, D" sort="Stuben, D" uniqKey="Stuben D" first="D." last="Stüben">D. Stüben</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Petrographie und Geochemie, Universität Karlsrühe, Kaiserstrasse 12, D-76128 Karlsrühe</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Karlsruhe</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Varnavas, S P" sort="Varnavas, S P" uniqKey="Varnavas S" first="S. P." last="Varnavas">S. P. Varnavas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Geology, University of Patras, 26100 Patras</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>26100 Patras</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Progress in Oceanography</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">PROOCE</title><idno type="ISSN">0079-6611</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1999">1999</date><biblScope unit="volume">44</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1–3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="333">333</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="367">367</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0079-6611</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0079-6611</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Abbiati</term><term>Acid leaching</term><term>Active volcanoes</term><term>Aegean seas</term><term>Aegean world</term><term>Aeolian</term><term>Aeolian islands</term><term>African plate</term><term>Airoldi</term><term>Akoumianaki</term><term>Akoumianaki pratt</term><term>Aliani</term><term>Allard</term><term>Allard toutain</term><term>Alvisi</term><term>Anaerobic heterotroph</term><term>Bacini limitro</term><term>Barbieri colantoni</term><term>Baubron</term><term>Bianchi</term><term>Bostrom</term><term>Bostrom widenfalk</term><term>Botz</term><term>Brine</term><term>Burggraf</term><term>Calanchi</term><term>Caldera</term><term>Capo palinuro</term><term>Carbon dioxide</term><term>Chemical geology</term><term>Christanis</term><term>Cinelli</term><term>Cocci</term><term>Colantoni</term><term>Consorzio nazionale interuniversitario</term><term>Continental shelf research</term><term>Cosmochimica acta</term><term>Cronan</term><term>Crust</term><term>Dando</term><term>Data report</term><term>Della vedova</term><term>Dirmeier</term><term>Dominico</term><term>Dominico papastamatoki</term><term>Dotsika fytikas</term><term>Eastern mediterranean</term><term>Eckhardt</term><term>Enrichment</term><term>Etna</term><term>Explosive volcanism</term><term>Fauna</term><term>Fitzsimons</term><term>Fumaroles</term><term>Fytikas</term><term>Gasohydrothermal type</term><term>Geochemical</term><term>Geological society</term><term>Geophysical</term><term>Geothermal</term><term>Geothermal research</term><term>Geothermics</term><term>Giere</term><term>Gimenez marin</term><term>Glasby</term><term>Grotta azzurra</term><term>Heterotroph</term><term>High heat</term><term>Higher temperatures</term><term>Huber</term><term>Hughes giere</term><term>Hydrogen sulphide</term><term>Hydrothermal</term><term>Hydrothermal activity</term><term>Hydrothermal origin</term><term>Hydrothermal sites</term><term>Hydrothermal waters</term><term>Hydrothermalism</term><term>Hyperthermophilic</term><term>Isole eolie</term><term>Isotope</term><term>Italiano</term><term>Italiano nuccio</term><term>Jannasch</term><term>Kameni</term><term>Keller</term><term>Leaching</term><term>Lesbos</term><term>Levante</term><term>Magmatic</term><term>Magmatic vapour</term><term>Marine biology</term><term>Marine chemistry</term><term>Marine geology</term><term>Marini</term><term>Mediterranean</term><term>Mediterranean hydrothermal systems</term><term>Mediterranean ridge</term><term>Mediterranee</term><term>Megalovasilis</term><term>Metal deposits</term><term>Methana</term><term>Microbiology</term><term>Milo</term><term>Milos hydrothermal system</term><term>Milos island</term><term>Minissale</term><term>Morri</term><term>Nisiros</term><term>Normal seawater</term><term>Northern lesbos</term><term>Novel genus</term><term>Nuccio</term><term>Oceanography</term><term>Palaeochori</term><term>Palinuro</term><term>Panarea</term><term>Panarea island</term><term>Papastamatoki</term><term>Periodicity</term><term>Perissoratis</term><term>Pinarelli vurro</term><term>Planetary science letters</term><term>Ponti ceccherelli</term><term>Proces verbaux commission internationale</term><term>Puchelt</term><term>Reservoir temperature</term><term>Reservoir temperatures</term><term>Santorini</term><term>Santorini caldera</term><term>Santorini hydrothermal waters</term><term>Schroll hanert</term><term>Seamount</term><term>Seawater</term><term>Sediment</term><term>Sedwick</term><term>Sedwick colantoni</term><term>Sedwick stuben</term><term>Seymour</term><term>Shallow vents</term><term>Smith cronan</term><term>Southern italy</term><term>Stetter</term><term>Stuben</term><term>Stuben glasby</term><term>Subduction</term><term>Submarine cave</term><term>Submarine caves</term><term>Submarine hydrothermal vents</term><term>Submarine vents</term><term>Sulphide</term><term>Tassi valentini</term><term>Thera</term><term>Thera foundation</term><term>Thermal springs</term><term>Thermococcus</term><term>Thermophilic</term><term>Thiermann</term><term>Thomm</term><term>Tyrrhenian</term><term>Uids</term><term>Uxes</term><term>Varnavas</term><term>Varnavas cronan</term><term>Varnavas perissoratis</term><term>Vent</term><term>Vent areas</term><term>Vent sites</term><term>Venting</term><term>Volcanic</term><term>Volcanic arcs</term><term>Volcano</term><term>Volcanology</term><term>Vulcano</term><term>Vulcano island</term><term>Water column</term><term>Widenfalk</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Abbiati</term><term>Acid leaching</term><term>Active volcanoes</term><term>Aegean seas</term><term>Aegean world</term><term>Aeolian</term><term>Aeolian islands</term><term>African plate</term><term>Airoldi</term><term>Akoumianaki</term><term>Akoumianaki pratt</term><term>Aliani</term><term>Allard</term><term>Allard toutain</term><term>Alvisi</term><term>Anaerobic heterotroph</term><term>Bacini limitro</term><term>Barbieri colantoni</term><term>Baubron</term><term>Bianchi</term><term>Bostrom</term><term>Bostrom widenfalk</term><term>Botz</term><term>Brine</term><term>Burggraf</term><term>Calanchi</term><term>Caldera</term><term>Capo palinuro</term><term>Carbon dioxide</term><term>Chemical geology</term><term>Christanis</term><term>Cinelli</term><term>Cocci</term><term>Colantoni</term><term>Consorzio nazionale interuniversitario</term><term>Continental shelf research</term><term>Cosmochimica acta</term><term>Cronan</term><term>Crust</term><term>Dando</term><term>Data report</term><term>Della vedova</term><term>Dirmeier</term><term>Dominico</term><term>Dominico papastamatoki</term><term>Dotsika fytikas</term><term>Eastern mediterranean</term><term>Eckhardt</term><term>Enrichment</term><term>Etna</term><term>Explosive volcanism</term><term>Fauna</term><term>Fitzsimons</term><term>Fumaroles</term><term>Fytikas</term><term>Gasohydrothermal type</term><term>Geochemical</term><term>Geological society</term><term>Geophysical</term><term>Geothermal</term><term>Geothermal research</term><term>Geothermics</term><term>Giere</term><term>Gimenez marin</term><term>Glasby</term><term>Grotta azzurra</term><term>Heterotroph</term><term>High heat</term><term>Higher temperatures</term><term>Huber</term><term>Hughes giere</term><term>Hydrogen sulphide</term><term>Hydrothermal</term><term>Hydrothermal activity</term><term>Hydrothermal origin</term><term>Hydrothermal sites</term><term>Hydrothermal waters</term><term>Hydrothermalism</term><term>Hyperthermophilic</term><term>Isole eolie</term><term>Isotope</term><term>Italiano</term><term>Italiano nuccio</term><term>Jannasch</term><term>Kameni</term><term>Keller</term><term>Leaching</term><term>Lesbos</term><term>Levante</term><term>Magmatic</term><term>Magmatic vapour</term><term>Marine biology</term><term>Marine chemistry</term><term>Marine geology</term><term>Marini</term><term>Mediterranean</term><term>Mediterranean hydrothermal systems</term><term>Mediterranean ridge</term><term>Mediterranee</term><term>Megalovasilis</term><term>Metal deposits</term><term>Methana</term><term>Microbiology</term><term>Milo</term><term>Milos hydrothermal system</term><term>Milos island</term><term>Minissale</term><term>Morri</term><term>Nisiros</term><term>Normal seawater</term><term>Northern lesbos</term><term>Novel genus</term><term>Nuccio</term><term>Oceanography</term><term>Palaeochori</term><term>Palinuro</term><term>Panarea</term><term>Panarea island</term><term>Papastamatoki</term><term>Periodicity</term><term>Perissoratis</term><term>Pinarelli vurro</term><term>Planetary science letters</term><term>Ponti ceccherelli</term><term>Proces verbaux commission internationale</term><term>Puchelt</term><term>Reservoir temperature</term><term>Reservoir temperatures</term><term>Santorini</term><term>Santorini caldera</term><term>Santorini hydrothermal waters</term><term>Schroll hanert</term><term>Seamount</term><term>Seawater</term><term>Sediment</term><term>Sedwick</term><term>Sedwick colantoni</term><term>Sedwick stuben</term><term>Seymour</term><term>Shallow vents</term><term>Smith cronan</term><term>Southern italy</term><term>Stetter</term><term>Stuben</term><term>Stuben glasby</term><term>Subduction</term><term>Submarine cave</term><term>Submarine caves</term><term>Submarine hydrothermal vents</term><term>Submarine vents</term><term>Sulphide</term><term>Tassi valentini</term><term>Thera</term><term>Thera foundation</term><term>Thermal springs</term><term>Thermococcus</term><term>Thermophilic</term><term>Thiermann</term><term>Thomm</term><term>Tyrrhenian</term><term>Uids</term><term>Uxes</term><term>Varnavas</term><term>Varnavas cronan</term><term>Varnavas perissoratis</term><term>Vent</term><term>Vent areas</term><term>Vent sites</term><term>Venting</term><term>Volcanic</term><term>Volcanic arcs</term><term>Volcano</term><term>Volcanology</term><term>Vulcano</term><term>Vulcano island</term><term>Water column</term><term>Widenfalk</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Océanographie</term><term>Volcanologie</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: Hydrothermalism in the Mediterranean Sea results from the collision of the African and European plates, with the subduction of the oceanic part of the African plate below Europe. High heat flows in the resulting volcanic arcs and back-arc extensional areas have set-up hydrothermal convection systems. Most of the known hydrothermal sites are in shallow coastal waters, <200 m depth, so that much of the reported fluid venting is of the gasohydrothermal type. The hydrothermal liquids are of varying salinities, both because of phase separation as a result of seawater boiling at the low pressures and because of significant inputs of rainfall into the hydrothermal reservoirs at some sites. The major component of the vented gas is carbon dioxide, with significant quantities of sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, methane and hydrogen also being released. Acid leaching of the underlying rocks leads to the mobilisation of heavy metals, many of which are deposited sub-surface although there is a conspicuous enrichment of metals in surficial sediments in venting areas. Massive polymetalic sulphides have been reported from some sites. No extant vent-specific fauna have been described from Mediterranean sites. There is a reduced diversity of fauna within the sediments at the vents. In contrast, a high diversity of epifauna has been reported and the vent sites are areas of settlement for exotic thermophilic species. Large numbers of novel prokaryotes, especially hyperthermophilic crenarchaeota, have been isolated from Mediterranean hydrothermal vents. However, their distribution in the subsurface biosphere and their role in the biogeochemistry of the sites has yet to be studied.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Grèce</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country><region><li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li><li>District de Karlsruhe</li></region><settlement><li>Karlsruhe</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Dando, P R" sort="Dando, P R" uniqKey="Dando P" first="P. R." last="Dando">P. R. Dando</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Dando, P R" sort="Dando, P R" uniqKey="Dando P" first="P. R." last="Dando">P. R. Dando</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bade-Wurtemberg"><name sortKey="Stuben, D" sort="Stuben, D" uniqKey="Stuben D" first="D." last="Stüben">D. Stüben</name></region></country><country name="Grèce"><noRegion><name sortKey="Varnavas, S P" sort="Varnavas, S P" uniqKey="Varnavas S" first="S. P." last="Varnavas">S. P. Varnavas</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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